Pros & Cons Of A Pier Foundation

Pier foundations are popular, especially in areas with challenging terrain or fluctuating weather conditions. However, like any foundation type, they come with their own set of advantages and drawbacks. In this blog, we’ll explore the pros and cons of pier foundations to give you a comprehensive view of what to expect if you have this type of foundation.

What Is A Pier Foundation?

A pier foundation consists of vertically positioned structural elements (piers) supporting the superstructure above. These piers are embedded into the ground and can be made from wood, steel, or concrete. They transfer the load of the building to the underlying soil or rock. Pier foundations are instrumental in areas where the topsoil is unsuitable for bearing heavy loads, but deeper soil layers are more stable. Understanding how pier foundations work is crucial, especially if you encounter issues that might require foundation repair, as proper support ensures the long-term integrity of your home.

Common Reasons For Using Pier Foundations

• Pier foundations are ideal for sites with challenging traditional foundations, such as areas with many trees, root systems, or decomposed rocks near the surface.
• They are particularly useful for building homes on slopes where other foundation types may be less practical.
• Pier foundations are a good match for homes built from logs or timber, providing the necessary stability and support.
• They are beneficial in soils with low water-bearing capacity, helping to prevent issues related to water retention.
• Pier foundations keep rising water levels below the home, offering significant flood protection.

Types Of Pier Foundation

The type of pier foundation varies based on the construction material, with each type having distinct characteristics and applications. These are:

• Masonry Piers: Constructed from concrete, brick, or stone and reinforced with steel rods or rebar, masonry piers offer strong and durable support. They are ideal for areas with high soil-bearing capacity.
• Concrete Piers: Made entirely of concrete, concrete piers are extremely sturdy and can be used alongside other foundation types, such as footing foundations. They are known for their durability and ability to handle heavy loads.
• Drilled Caissons or Piers: These cylindrical foundations are created by drilling a hole into the ground and filling it with concrete. They may have an enlarged base or a steel pipe filled with concrete, providing excellent support for heavy loads.
• Timber Piers: Timber piers, made from pressure-treated lumber and frequently reinforced with steel rods or rebar, are commonly used in areas with solid soil. While less durable than masonry or concrete piers, they can be effective for specific structures.
• Steel Piers: Made of steel and driven deep into the ground until they reach solid soil or rock, steel piers offer superior strength and support for buildings on soft or unstable ground.

Pros & Cons Of A Pier Foundation

Pier foundations are preferred by many homeowners and builders, especially in regions with difficult soil conditions or unpredictable climates. To help you decide if this type of foundation is right for your home, here are pier foundations’ main advantages and disadvantages.

Pros Of A Pier Foundation

1. Cost-Effective: Pier foundations are more affordable than full basements or crawl space foundations. They require less concrete and minimal excavation, making them a budget-friendly option for homeowners.
2. Ideal for Difficult Terrain: Pier foundations perform exceptionally well in challenging terrains, such as sloped land or flood-prone areas. Elevating the structure improves stability and helps mitigate issues caused by uneven ground and water accumulation.
3. Reduced Settling Problems: Unlike slab foundations, pier foundations distribute the home’s weight more evenly across individual piers, reducing the risk of settling, shifting, or cracks over time.
4. Enhanced Air Circulation: The elevated design allows for better airflow beneath the home, especially in humid climates. This can prevent moisture buildup and mold, preserving the home’s structural integrity.
5. Easy Access for Repairs: Pier foundations provide easy access to the underside of the house, simplifying future repairs or maintenance work on plumbing, electrical systems, and even renovations.

Cons Of A Pier Foundation

1. Exposure to the Elements: The space beneath the elevated home is exposed to environmental factors, leading to moisture problems, pests, and temperature fluctuations. Additional insulation or protection may be required to address these issues.
2. Potential for Shifting: Although pier foundations reduce settling, they are not entirely immune to shifting. Factors like soil erosion or seismic activity can cause movement, requiring periodic inspections and adjustments.
3. Limited Storage Space: Pier foundations offer less storage space than a full basement. This limits the area available for certain systems, such as heating or cooling units, and may restrict storage options.
4. Maintenance Requirements: Pier foundations can be more demanding than other types. Regular inspections are necessary to ensure that piers remain stable and properly aligned.
5. Aesthetic Concerns: The raised appearance of a pier foundation may not suit everyone’s taste. Visible piers and an elevated structure can detract from the aesthetic appeal of homeowners who prefer a more traditional look.

Common Problems Of Pier Foundations

Pier foundations are a strong and versatile option for many homes, but like any structural element, they can encounter issues over time.

• Soil erosion around the piers is a significant issue, often exacerbated by water runoff, flooding, or poor drainage. This erosion can lead to shifting or sinking of the piers.
• Excessive moisture accumulation around or under the foundation can weaken the pier supports and lead to mold growth, rot, and other moisture-related damages.
• The area underneath a pier foundation can become a habitat for pests like termites, ants, rodents, and other critters.
• Improper installation of pier foundations can lead to numerous issues, such as uneven weight distribution, misalignment, and inadequate pier depth.
• Over time, materials in pier foundations, mainly wood, can degrade due to factors like moisture or termite activity. Even concrete piers can develop cracks or chips that compromise strength and stability.

Signs Your Pier Foundation Needs Attention

Catching foundation issues early can prevent more severe damage. Here are some common signs that indicate your pier foundation may need professional attention:

• One of the earliest and most noticeable signs of foundation issues is uneven or sloping floors, indicating that the piers may shift or settle unevenly.
• Look for cracks along the interior and exterior walls, ceilings, windows, and doors.
• If your doors and windows suddenly start sticking or won’t close properly, this could indicate shifts or changes in your foundation.
• Noticeable gaps between walls, floors, or ceilings can indicate that your foundation is not level or is settling unevenly.
• If you notice that your floors are squeaky, bouncy, or spongy, it could indicate issues with the support provided by your piers.
• Persistent water pooling around your foundation can lead to soil erosion, weakening the support for the piers and causing them to shift.
• Regularly inspect your visible piers for signs of damage, such as cracks, deterioration, or shifts.

What Should You Do When You Have Pier Foundation Issues?

If you’re facing issues with your pier foundation, it’s important to address them quickly to prevent further structural damage. Consider scheduling a free inspection with experienced professionals like our team at AMC911. We offer a full range of services, including foundation repair, waterproofing, and crawl space solutions, to protect your home’s structural integrity and give you peace of mind.